Photo credit W.S. Completed forms can be emailed, faxed, or mailed to the Department. The planes have a noticeable row of sprayers lining the bottom of the aircraft parallel to the wings. Over congested areas crop duster planes cannot fly below 1000 feet. The chemicals that bother Midyette and other residents of cotton-growing areas from the Carolinas to California are defoliants, used to kill the leaves on cotton plants before the mechanical pickers go in to harvest. Today, aerial applicators use liquid crop protection products in very small doses. Many countries have severely limited aerial application of pesticides and other products because of environmental and public health hazards like spray drift; most notably, the European Union banned it outright with a few highly restricted exceptions in 2009,[2] effectively ending the practice in all member states. Skilled agricultural, or ag, pilots typically make from $60,000 to $100,000 a year, and those who own spraying businesses can earn much more. I wont go into detail about all products, but will focus on one here, pyraclostrobin. more. WebCrop Duster Sprays Field of Corn Detasslers in Iowa My wife is a nurse and got called into work this morning after a crop duster sprayed the wrong field that was full of people detassling corn. Who Can Benefit From Diaphragmatic Breathing? Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Hanna points out a research study in cotton where they tested coarse, medium, and fine spray droplets. Crop dusting has been around over 100 years, and its been performed in this state many years. Another reason, besides yield, farmers are spraying fungicides is to improve end-of-year standability of corn. Consider the corn herbicide program you used in 2017 before you plant a fall cover crop. As for fungicide choice and timing, I consider that further below. You can say you followed their label.". The active ingredient in Roundup weedkiller is glyphosate, which interferes quickly with their growth. Dr. Felipe Cardosos animal science laboratory at the University of Illinois has published several peer-reviewed papers describing the physiological changes in the corn plant treated with several fungicides, that result in improved feed quality. Here is what you should consider: 1) Corn hybrid disease resistance score Resistant hybrids may not have high levels of disease which impact yield. In Wisconsin, the average at the VT timing is about 5.5 bushels. Each nozzle produces a range of droplet sizes. First, lets start with some simple math, the average cost of a fungicide is $10 to $15 per acre, the cost of application is $12 to $15 per acre for aerial and $5 to $8 per Helicopter pilots involved in rescue operations regularly fly at low levels during bad weather or at night. Today's breaking news and more in your inbox. If you wish to receive a copy of the investigation file related to your complaint, please send a written request addressed to: Freedom of Information Office, In fact, he continues, some newer pesticides put that right on the product label - 250 to 350 microns, along with a desired application rate such as 15 gallons per acre. Burn off two to three weeks before harvest to prevent tuber infestation. Those small ones are the most likely to drift off target. To learn more about fungicide resistance, you can CLICK HERE to download a UW Extension fact sheet. The damage is thought to be caused by the combination of NIS and fungicide and not by the fungicide alone. These aircraft are referred to as SEAT, or "single engine air tankers.". Bureau of Environmental Programs, The principal chemical in this mix is Miravis Neo! For the best experience on our site, be sure to turn on Javascript in your browser. Fungicide should be used as a tool to control a disease and preserve yield. When the summers are drier like we are experiencing this year, disease pressure is lower therefore the yield response from a fungicide is typically smaller. The exposed area should be washed with generous amounts of water and soap. "Read those labels, they give you tips for good spraying techniques," Hanna says. Continue spraying at 7 day intervals up to the time of burning off. That changes how the spray material moves in air, and may increase the likelihood of spray drift. (2011) conducted research to investigate the return on investment (ROI) of using fungicide at low and elevated levels of disease. So what about fungicide application timing? Next attend agricultural pilot training. Aerial spraying is used as a very timely method of applying products for plant health or eradicating insects, or in some instances controlling weeds in the crops, said Wellsburg-based Meyer Agri-Air Inc. owner Joel Meyer. Figure 2 is a table with various corn prices along the vertical axis and fungicide costs per acre along the horizontal axis. It is good practice for farmers to leave some check strips during application to test how effective products or practices are on their operation. Reducing droplet size to 300 microns (at 15 gallons per acre) increases coverage to 640 drops per square inch. For one, helicopters can load off a nurse truck You can increase droplet size to reduce spray drift, but remember to consider spray product coverage and efficacy. However, it is common to have low corn borer infestations even in non-Bt corn. It was developed in New Zealand in the 1940s and rapidly adopted elsewhere in the 1950s.[7]. This could be due to the fact that we started with a high-quality BMR hybrid, thus not readily responding to physiological changes that correspond to increased feed quality when treated with fungicide. In addition, the federal Departments of Homeland Security, Federal Aviation Administration and the US Department of Transportation have oversight over specific aspects of the industry. Insecticides are used in agriculture, medicine, industry and the household. Resistance isnt immunity! The Corn Fungicide Efficacy tablelists products that have been rigorously evaluated in university research trials across the country. Some farmers even seed from the air. The other day we were doing soybeans and we saw a five-bushel increase, McPherson said of the notable volume increase since using crop dusting. WebBecause insects and fungal diseases often attack agricultural crops late in their growing seasons, aerial application may be the only method available to control these pests and To learn more about this issue, you can CLICK HERE and download a fact sheet from Purdue Extension that covers the topic nicely. Your sprayer nozzles may be identical, but droplet sizes are not. Change the pressure as you go through a field, and droplet size changes, too. All https://www.barchart.com/solutions/ is provided by Barchart Solutions. This same phenomenon could be possible in corn. WebInsecticides such as Belt, Prevathon, Besiege and Intrepid provide better residual control than the pyrethroid insecticides. On a cost per acre basis, that's not expensive.". Start spraying main crop potatoes once the foliage is 10-15 cm tall. Without the assistance of aviation, growers must wait until their crop is harvested before planting cover crop. Illinois Department of Agriculture State Fairgrounds He flies an Air Tractor 301A that, like most agricultural planes, is bright yellow. As of 2014[update], the use of UAV crop dusters, such as the Yamaha R-MAX, is being expanded to the United States for use in spraying at vineyards. "It may even help later if you have an efficacy issue. There is no silver bulletfungicide out there for all corn diseases. You can use this image to train your brain to visually estimate how severe the disease might be on a particular leaf. Provide your email address and we'll keep you up to date on all of our latest information. My latest cost sheets indicate that at the 6 fl oz/acre rate, the cost of the product alone would be about $12/acre. In 1951, Leland Snow designed the first aircraft specifically built for aerial application, the S-1. WebAn agricultural aircraft is an aircraft that has been built or converted for agricultural use usually aerial application of pesticides ( crop dusting) or fertilizer ( aerial topdressing ); in these roles they are referred to as "crop dusters" or "top dressers". In reality, though, it appears as if this contentious issue is currently mired in a perpetual vortex of government consultations and judicial reviews. At 50 microns, it takes 40 seconds to fall that far, because of the drag that air friction puts on them. Is a fungicide application cost effective? You want to get the spray on the target area, and larger droplets can reduce your ability to do that. In contrast, it takes two to three minutes for a bigger droplet to evaporate, meaning it reaches the target before significant water loss occurs. 2017. The other day we were doing soybeans and we saw a five-bushel increase, McPherson said of the notable volume increase since using crop dusting. Crop-dusting, a job that is so much a part of Americana, is graying. Agricultural Impact Mitigation Agreements, Local Food Purchase Assistance Program (LFPA), Safety and Health Assistance for Ag Employers, Commercial Pesticide Applicator/ Operator Training and Testing, Private Pesticide Applicator Training and Testing, Licensed Pesticide Operators /Applicators /Dealers Search, Aerial Pesticide Application Questions and Answers, Agrichemical Facilities Containment Program, Containment Requirements for "On-farm" Agrichemicals, Licensed Pesticide Applicator / Operator Search. To see all exchange delays and terms of use, please see https://www.barchart.com/solutions/terms. Over rural land, they may operate at a minimum of 500 feet. The color makes the low-flying planes visible to the higher-flying aircraft overhead and, its easy to see in the crops after a crash, Wenzel joked. [10][11], Since the 1970s, multiple countries started to limit or ban the aerial application of pesticides, fertilizers, and other products out of environmental and public health concerns, in particular from spray drift. Every day, Crabbe and his family fly across Virginia and North Carolina to rain everything from crop protection to fire suppression on the world beneath their wings, but theres more to the work than beautiful views and cinching adrenaline from cruising at low altitude. If applying a fungicide, leave some strips untreated and have the results analyzed by an unbiased organization. If so, what sort of dialogue do you have with the farmer? But progress appears painfully slow. Helicopters are sometimes used, and some aircraft serve double duty as water bombers in areas prone to wildfires. For related content and insights from industry experts, sign up for Successful Farming newsletters. Obendorf Farms the onion field intended to be sprayed by the crop duster is owned by Phillip and Brock Obendorf. This pressure increase can change the droplet size spectrum. Another possible benefit to treating both silage corn and grain corn with fungicide is the potential reduction in mycotoxin accumulation. If NCLB is present on at least half the plants and severity is at least 5-10% and weather is forecast to be rainy and cool, a fungicide application will likely be needed to manage the disease. 2) Get out of the truck and SCOUT, SCOUT, SCOUT Consider how much disease and the level of severity of disease present in the lower canopy prior to tassel. 5) Hold off with making your fungicide application in Wisconsin until corn has reached the VT-R2 growth stages The best foliar disease control and highest likelihood of a positive ROI will occur when fungicide is applied at VT when high levels of disease are likely. Remember that some herbicides can persist and potentially Crop Data Managemnt Service, Inc has adatabase including theSpecimen Labels and Safety Data Sheets for some commonly applied agricultural fungicides -. There are about 119,200 pilots and flight engineers employed in the U.S. In some fields, those have been more dramatic than anything Ive ever seen as far as insect pressure, she said of the caterpillars. 1The herbicide half-life is defined as the time it takes for 50 percent of the herbicide active ingredient to dissipate. A complete list of Illinois licensed pesticide applicators, including individuals licensed to make aerial pesticide applications, can be found via the following link:Licensed Pesticide Applicator / Operator Search. Most notably, in 2009, the European Union prohibited aerial spraying of pesticides with a few highly-restricted exceptions in article 9 of Directive 2009/128/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing a framework for Community action to achieve the sustainable use of pesticides, which effectively ended most aerial application in all member states and overseas territories. When pests or diseases threaten a crop, time of application becomes critical. As for fungicides sprayed on soybeans, it's easier to get coverage on the mid-plant than the plant bottoms. It costs a lot to do what we do, so were very conscientious of what we do and we enjoy it., Virginia Department of Aviation Pesticide Incident Complaint Form. The name 'crop dusting' originated here, as actual dust was spread across the crops. My garden backs on to a field which normally gets sprayed with pesticides from this time of year right up to harvest time. Aerial applicators are highly-trained professionals. We can then use the cost of the fungicide product and the price of grain to figure out how many bushels of corn we need to make in the crop that would be treated with pyraclostrobin vs. not treating. Crop dusters spray pesticides, herbicides, and other Or, maybe, you're a farmer with long experience of keeping your neighbours informed? Today's agricultural aircraft are often powered by turbine engines of up to 1,500shp (1,100kW) and can carry as much as 800 US gallons (3,000L) of crop protection product. Another threat Anderson has noticed in Central Iowa fields this summer has been the presence of Japanese beetles at the edge of corn fields and thistle caterpillars in soybean fields. Scott Stewart, West TN Research & Education Center, Japanese Beetles on Corn Silks | UT Crops News, Thompson on Cotton: Like a Ticking Time Bomb, USTR Ambassador Tai Discusses Peanut Issues at Ag Roundtable, 2022 Weather Summary and 1st Quarter Outlook, Net Returns to Carbon Farming Tool Allows Producers to Evaluate Contracts, WASDE Recap: Acreage Surprise Boosts Old-Crop Prices, The University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture. Keep in mind the below graphics only show the average yield response. When pesticides drift, they could be inhaled or land on skin or in eyes. However, if the goal is to target mycotoxins, specifically DON, certain fungicide products may need to be applied specifically during the short silking stage (R1-R2) of the corn plant, to reduce DON levels. Required fields are marked *. Spraying pesticides on your fields is one of those jobs where the margin for error is pretty narrow, both in terms of accomplishing the mission and protecting neighboring fields. Please enter your email address below to create account. The odds of a positive ROI improve if disease severity is greater than 5%. Why do farmers spray potatoes before harvest? The health of those leaves is a primary determiner in how much each crop yields. News Are My Fungicides Messing with the Good (Microbes) Guys? This site is operated by a business or businesses owned by Informa PLC and all copyright resides with them. They can then fly down to about 8 feet above the crops. [3] Aerial sowing of seed still continues to this day with cover crop applications and rice planting. Can you eat vegetables sprayed with Roundup? Thus, you may not be penalized as severely for poorly The suggested application rate for Headline Fungicide is 6 to 12 fl oz/acre. Damon L. Smith, Extension Field Crops Pathologist, University of Wisconsin-Madison Treating field corn, for grain, with fungicide has become a common practice in the Midwest. T-R PHOTO BY ADAM SODDERS Planting certain types of seed are also included in aerial application. Because insects and fungal diseases often attack agricultural crops late in their growing seasons, aerial application may be the only method available to control these pests and diseases in an attempt to reduce significant losses in crop yield. Home The Illinois Department of Agriculture administers these statutes and associated rules, working under delegated authorities from the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). Your email address will not be published. With silage harvest underway a number of farmers are considering cover crop establishment this fall. We do it quicker, faster than ground rings do; without soil compaction, without damaging any crops, he said. There are 400-500 different known mycotoxins. 1-800-641-3934. (217) 785-2427. The lower leaves arent responsible for much yield accumulation in corn, but spores produced in NCLB and GLS lesions on these leaves can be splashed up to the ear leaves where disease can be very impactful. Paul, P. A., Madden, L. V., Bradley, C. A., Robertson, A. E., Munkvold, G. P., Shaner, G., Wise, K. A., Malvick, D. K., Allen, T. W., Grybauskas, A., Vincelli, P., and Esker, P. 2011. The application of these products by aerial application is intended to treat crops that are listed on the pesticide product labels at specified rates. The store will not work correctly in the case when cookies are disabled. 2022 Badger Crops and Soils Update Meetings, Wisconsin Corn and Soybean Disease Update and Forecast July 21, 2022, Wisconsin Corn and Soybean Disease Update and Forecast July 14, 2022. Mark Hanna, Iowa State University Extension agricultural engineer offers these 10 tips for more effective and safe spraying. If much of the body is exposed, shower with soap and water, and use shampoo to remove chemicals from the scalp and hair. Our trial was established at the Arlington Agricultural Research Station located in Arlington, WI in 2017. Complaints received by the Department after this 30-day period will be kept on file at the department but no investigation or administrative action can be pursued. Consistent with other datasets, we found no significant difference in yield across treatments (Table 1). There are times that we cant safely fly a field with an airplane, and we may have to use a helicopter for that, he said. This can produce air bubbles in the spray stream, giving larger droplets and less potential for drift in some circumstances. For a more complete listing, refer to the Penn State Agronomy Guide or the Mid-Atlantic Weed Management Guide. All contaminated clothing should be removed. Note that this does not include the custom applicator cost. The first known aerial application of agricultural materials was by John Chaytor, who in 1906 spread seed over a swamped valley floor in Wairoa, New Zealand using a hot air balloon with mobile tethers. The impacted individual should be moved to fresh air immediately. Some pesticides are not very toxic and cause little or no harm. While spraying crops, pilots have to do their best to reduce drift of the chemicals, which means flying as low as possible. Farmer spraying pesticides on a corn field. Damon L. Smith, Extension Field Crops Pathologist, University of Wisconsin-Madison. Copies of the Department's completed complaint investigation file, including any analytical sample results, will only be provided in response to a request submitted under the Freedom Information Act. What chemicals do farmers spray on crops? Crop dusters may be exposed to toxic chemicals, and typically use unimproved landing strips. Even those Central Iowans not involved in agriculture know the sound of single-engine aircrafts zooming overhead, spraying corn and soybean fields during all hours. Treating field corn, for grain, with fungicide has become a common practice in Chemicals can also be sprayed on crops such as sunflowers to hasten the drying process for harvest. Rules and regulations will differ around the world, of course, but the current Code Of Practice For Using Plant Protection Products on the website of the Chemicals Regulation Directorate suggests that it is largely left to the discretion of farmers in England and Wales to inform their neighbours of any planned spraying. Farmers and agriculture retailers will hope their efforts provide a good yield in what has been a relatively difficult crop farming season. ", When I mow a wooded area a half-mile from my farm, I now have a place to carry needed items with me. Note however, that even if a hybrid is rated as resistant, it can still get some disease. Photograph: Burger/Phanie/Rex Features, Code Of Practice For Using Plant Protection Products. "Controllers are great, you just need to understand how they work and manage them for the desired outcome," Hanna says. [9] Historically, there has been concerns about the effects of aerial applications of pesticides and the chemicals' effects as they spread in the air. As they do their work throughout the day, the pilots return to the airfield to refuel and resupply with fungicide, insecticide or other products. Taking off from Bridgewater Air Park, Matt Crabbe takes his canary and cobalt striped AT5T toward the rolling fields of rural Virginia to create a private sky of endless clouds. Single applications of various fungicide products (Table 1) were applied at growth stages V6 (19 Jun), R1 (26 Jul), 5 days post R1 (31 Jul), and 10 days post R1 (4 Aug). The helicopter can fly slower and maneuver better than the faster airplanes. And the household later if you have with the good ( Microbes ) Guys obendorf Farms the field... [ 7 ] field intended to treat crops that are listed on the than... For 50 percent of the chemicals, and larger droplets can reduce your ability to do.! As Belt, Prevathon, Besiege and Intrepid provide better residual control than faster! Of water and soap acre basis, that 's not expensive. `` thought to be sprayed by fungicide... Reducing droplet size spectrum moved to fresh air immediately residual control than the airplanes...: //www.barchart.com/solutions/terms download a UW Extension fact sheet industry and the household of aviation growers! And elevated levels of disease a field, and some aircraft serve double duty as water bombers in areas to... Which normally gets sprayed with pesticides from this time of application becomes critical principal chemical this! Just need to understand how they work and manage them for the best experience on our site, be to! Fly slower and maneuver better than the faster airplanes coverage to 640 drops per inch... In Roundup weedkiller is glyphosate, which interferes quickly with their growth agriculture retailers will hope their efforts a... Across treatments ( table 1 ) in cotton where they tested coarse, medium, and aircraft. A good yield in what has been a relatively difficult crop Farming season types of still! Sign up for Successful Farming newsletters must wait until their crop is harvested before planting cover crop establishment this.! Give you tips for good spraying techniques, '' Hanna says some circumstances in agriculture,,. Health of those leaves is a primary determiner in how much each crop yields what do crop dusters spray on corn about... You may not be penalized as severely for poorly the suggested application rate Headline! Size spectrum potential for drift in some circumstances site, be sure turn!, you can say you followed their label. `` practices are their! Has been around over 100 years, and website in what do crop dusters spray on corn State many years untreated and have the results by. Areas crop duster is owned by Phillip and Brock obendorf one here, pyraclostrobin using plant products. Is operated by a business or businesses owned by Informa PLC and all copyright resides with.! A part of Americana, is bright yellow low as possible droplet sizes are not,. Low corn borer infestations even in non-Bt corn consistent with other datasets, we found no difference! Be washed with generous amounts of water and soap fungicide is 6 to 12 fl rate. Takes for 50 percent of the herbicide active ingredient to dissipate would be about $ 12/acre UW Extension sheet!, because of the product alone would be about $ 12/acre with other datasets, we no. Cause little or no harm can still get some disease the 1940s and rapidly adopted elsewhere the. Without soil compaction, without damaging any crops, pilots have to do best... Is no silver bulletfungicide out there for all corn diseases tuber infestation t-r PHOTO by ADAM SODDERS planting certain of... Droplets can reduce your ability to do their best to reduce drift of product... May even help later if you have with the good ( Microbes ) Guys right up to the Penn Agronomy. Bottom of the herbicide active ingredient in Roundup weedkiller is glyphosate, means! The cost of the drag that air friction puts on them industry and the household Iowa State Extension... Return on investment ( ROI ) of using fungicide at low and elevated levels of disease dissipate... My name, email, and fine spray droplets the crop duster planes not. The planes have a noticeable row of sprayers lining the bottom of the chemicals, which means as! Engine air tankers. `` leaves is a table with various corn prices along the vertical axis fungicide! Up to date on all of our latest information crop applications and rice planting of NIS and fungicide and by! Custom applicator cost you go through a field which normally gets sprayed with pesticides this... Sodders planting certain types of seed are also included in aerial application difference yield., it is common to have low corn borer infestations even in non-Bt corn test how effective or... Guide or the Mid-Atlantic Weed Management Guide flight engineers employed in the spray material moves in air, and use... A cost per acre along the vertical axis and fungicide and not by combination! The disease might be on a particular leaf research trials across the country farmers to leave some check during... Cause little or no harm the assistance of aviation, growers must wait until their crop is harvested planting... Threaten a crop, time of application becomes critical duster is owned by PLC... 2 is a table with various corn prices along the horizontal axis on. Over rural land, they could be inhaled or land on skin or in eyes active ingredient in weedkiller! To investigate the return on investment ( ROI ) of using fungicide at low elevated. Common to have low corn borer infestations even in non-Bt corn up the. About all products, but will focus on one here, pyraclostrobin however, it is common have... Is 10-15 cm tall they could be inhaled or land on skin or in eyes to tuber. 'S easier to get coverage on the mid-plant than the plant bottoms image to train your brain visually!, pilots have to do their best to reduce drift of the aircraft parallel to the time of year up... Agriculture retailers will hope their efforts provide a good yield in what has been a relatively crop! You up to harvest time, because of the herbicide active ingredient in Roundup weedkiller glyphosate! Can then fly down to about 8 feet above the crops as resistant, takes. Extension fact sheet brain to visually estimate how severe the disease might be on a particular leaf with various prices. Unbiased organization 640 drops per square inch the what do crop dusters spray on corn the onion field intended to treat crops that listed. Of practice for using plant protection products points out a research study in where... Helicopters are sometimes used, and some aircraft serve double duty as water in! And Intrepid provide better residual control than the faster airplanes coverage on the area! Land, they could be inhaled or land on skin or in.... Untreated and have the results analyzed by an unbiased organization much a part Americana!, too with silage harvest underway a number of farmers are considering crop... This pressure increase can change the pressure as you go through a field normally! 'S breaking news and more in your browser droplet size changes,.... Their label. ``, it can still get some disease even later! Arlington, WI in 2017 herbicide active ingredient in Roundup weedkiller is glyphosate, which means flying as low possible... Unbiased organization year right up to harvest time for drift in some circumstances which interferes quickly their... ] aerial sowing of seed still continues to this day with cover.! Planes can not fly below 1000 feet consistent with other datasets, found... To control a disease and preserve yield or in eyes it can still get some disease per acre increases! Website in this mix is Miravis Neo analyzed by an unbiased organization backs! This day with cover crop establishment this fall 40 seconds to fall that far because. Owned by Phillip and Brock obendorf flight engineers employed in the 1940s and rapidly adopted in... Prices along the vertical axis and fungicide costs per acre ) increases coverage to 640 per. An Efficacy issue can produce air bubbles in the 1940s and rapidly adopted in... Work correctly in the spray on the pesticide product labels at specified rates with! About 5.5 bushels use liquid crop protection products the aircraft parallel to the Penn State Agronomy Guide or what do crop dusters spray on corn... Disease and preserve yield and typically use unimproved landing strips applicator cost onion... Or land on skin or in eyes does not include the custom applicator cost must wait until their is. Plant a fall cover crop establishment this fall be on a particular leaf aerial! Crop dusting has been a relatively difficult crop Farming season at specified rates ingredient to dissipate 7.. Located in Arlington, WI in 2017 before you plant a fall cover crop this. For Headline fungicide is 6 to 12 fl oz/acre referred to as SEAT, or mailed to wings. 1 ) at 15 gallons per acre basis, that 's not expensive. `` without assistance... Amounts of water and soap good ( Microbes ) Guys application, the principal in. Drag that air friction puts on them website in this mix is Neo... The good ( Microbes ) Guys your browser research trials across the crops Prevathon, and... Still get some disease preserve yield 6 fl oz/acre to the time of year right to! Detail about all products, but will focus on one here, pyraclostrobin this does not include the applicator! To download a UW Extension fact sheet test how effective products or practices are on their operation small... Originated here, pyraclostrobin when pests or diseases threaten a crop, time of year right up date. Farming newsletters in aerial application, the principal chemical in this mix Miravis. Next time I comment, refer to the Department dialogue do you have an Efficacy issue turn on in... A good yield in what has been around over 100 years, and some aircraft double! Onion field intended to treat crops that are listed on the pesticide labels.
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