Other major cities include Memphis, Knoxville, Chattanooga, and Clarksville. [131] The majority of freed slaves were forced into sharecropping during the latter 19th century, and many others worked as agricultural wage laborers. [216] The Cumberland River basin covers the northern half of Middle Tennessee and a small portion of East Tennessee. [184], Marked by a diversity of landforms and topographies, Tennessee features six principal physiographic provinces, from east to west, which are part of three larger regions: the Blue Ridge Mountains, Ridge-and-Valley Appalachians, and Cumberland Plateau, part of the Appalachian Mountains; the Highland Rim and Nashville Basin, part of the Interior Low Plateaus of the Interior Plains; and the East Gulf Coastal Plain, part of the Atlantic Plains. A small plane crashed Tuesday while approaching a Texas airport, killing four members of a Tennessee church and leaving the lead pastor injured, authorities and the church said. In the early 1900s, the state legislature approved legislation allowing cities to adopt a commission form of government based on at-large voting as a means to limit African American political participation. Culturally, most of the state is considered part of the Upland South, and the eastern third is part of Appalachia. Constitution. Secretary Hargett is the chief executive officer of the Department of State with oversight of more than 300 employees. [156] On April 4, 1968, James Earl Ray assassinated civil rights leader Martin Luther King Jr. in Memphis. [151][152] The Clinton Engineer Works was established as the production arm of the Manhattan Project in Oak Ridge, which enriched uranium at three major facilities for use in atomic bombs. I-269 runs from Millington to Collierville, serving as an outer bypass of Memphis. [397] Each chamber chooses a Speaker, who is elected by a joint session of the legislature. [329] Tennessee was also a top producer of phosphate until the early 1990s. They were checked by John Schofield at Franklin in November and completely dispersed by George Thomas at Nashville in December. About 14% of Tennesseans are non-religious, with 11% identifying as "Nothing in particular", 3% as agnostics, and 1% as atheists. [346] Parts of West Tennessee, especially Memphis, are sometimes considered part of the Deep South. [204] Both of these physiographic provinces are part of the Interior Low Plateaus of the larger Interior Plains. The state had two previous constitutions. Department of Revenue David Gerregano, Commissioner 500 Deaderick Street Nashville, TN 37242 Department Contact Information km, the State of Tennessee is located in the South-Eastern region of the United States. [105] Union strength in Middle Tennessee was tested in a series of Confederate offensives beginning in the summer of 1862, which culminated in General William Rosecrans's Army of the Cumberland routing General Braxton Bragg's Army of Tennessee at Stones River, another one of the war's costliest engagements. ", States of the Union: Ranking America's Biodiversity, "World Map of KppenGeiger Climate Classification", "Nashville Weather Records (1871-Present)", "Tropical Cyclone Rainfall in the Southeastern United States", "Mean Annual Average Number of Tornadoes 19532004", "National and Local Weather Forecast, Hurricane, Radar and Report", "City and Town Population Totals: 2010-2019", "Metropolitan and Micropolitan Statistical Areas Population Totals and Components of Change: 20102019", "Tri-Cities seek new name to embrace a whole region", "Historical Population Change Data (19102020)", "Table 4. Tennessee has 33.9 days annually when the high temperature is over 90, which is hotter than most states in the U.S. [394] The governor is the only official elected statewide. [315][316] The Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) owns over 90% of the state's generating capacity. Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin are not distinguished between total and partial ancestry. [268] Most Tennesseans who self-identify as having American ancestry are of English and Scotch-Irish ancestry. [236] The Gulf of Mexico is the dominant factor in Tennessee's climate, with winds from the south responsible for most of the state's annual precipitation. Local law enforcement is divided between county sheriff's offices and municipal police departments. [337][338] Other top attractions include the Tennessee State Museum and Parthenon in Nashville; the National Civil Rights Museum in Memphis; Lookout Mountain, the Chattanooga Choo-Choo Hotel, Ruby Falls, and the Tennessee Aquarium in Chattanooga; the American Museum of Science and Energy in Oak Ridge, the Bristol Motor Speedway, Jack Daniel's Distillery in Lynchburg, and the Hiwassee and Ocoee rivers in Polk County. [10], Tennessee is rooted in the Watauga Association, a 1772 frontier pact generally regarded as the first constitutional government west of the Appalachian Mountains. [221], Tennessee is within a temperate deciduous forest biome commonly known as the Eastern Deciduous Forest. [249] In addition to the major cities, the Tri-Cities of Kingsport, Bristol, and Johnson City are considered the sixth major population center. In East Tennessee, most people favored remaining in the Union. [394] The legislature convenes at noon on the second Tuesday in January and meets for a total of 90 days over two sessions, usually adjourning in late April or early May. [323] Other major mineral products produced in Tennessee include sand, gravel, crushed stone, Portland cement, marble, sandstone, common clay, lime, and zinc. [437][438] In 2007, Ron Ramsey became the first Republican Speaker of the State Senate since Reconstruction,[439] and the following year the Republicans gained control of both houses of the state legislature for the first time since Reconstruction. The TBI is the primary state-level criminal investigative department. [284] The first $1,250 of individual income and $2,500 of joint income was exempt from this tax. [52] The next year, after an unsuccessful petition to Virginia, North Carolina agreed to annex the Washington District to provide protection from Native American attacks. These served to disenfranchise most African Americans, and their power in state and local politics was markedly reduced. The executive branch also includes several agencies, boards, and commissions, some of which are under the auspices of one of the cabinet-level departments. [214][215], Tennessee is drained by three major rivers, the Tennessee, Cumberland, and Mississippi. [37][38] That same year, a French expedition led by missionary Jacques Marquette and Louis Jolliet explored the Mississippi River and became the first Europeans to map the Mississippi Valley. [459] Nashville is also home to the Belmont Bruins, members of the Ohio Valley Conference (OVC) but moving to the Missouri Valley Conference (MVC) in July 2022; Tennessee State Tigers, OVC members with no plans to change conferences; and the Lipscomb Bisons, members of the ASUN Conference. [400] The Supreme Court of Tennessee appoints the state's Attorney General, a practice only found in Tennessee. [114] On February 22, 1865, the legislature approved an amendment to the state constitution prohibiting slavery, which was approved by voters the following month, making Tennessee the only Southern state to abolish slavery. Several suburban areas of Nashville and Memphis also contain significant Democratic minorities. [180] Due to flooding of the Mississippi that has changed its path, the state's western boundary deviates from the river in some places. The geography of Tennessee is unique. [48][49] Most of them were English, but nearly 20% were Scotch-Irish. As a result, Tennessee was the last state to secede and the first readmitted to the Union after the war.[14]. [261] The state has been a top destination for people relocating from Northeastern and Midwestern states. The state receives an average of 50 inches (130cm) of precipitation annually. [46] After the French and Indian War, Britain issued the Royal Proclamation of 1763, which forbade settlements west of the Appalachian Mountains in an effort to mitigate conflicts with the Natives. [230] Pine forests are also found throughout the state. [370] Tennessee is also home to six historically Black colleges and universities (HBCUs). [63], Three counties of the Washington District broke off from North Carolina in 1784 and formed the State of Franklin. [317] Nuclear power is Tennessee's largest source of electricity generation, producing about 43.4% of its power in 2021. [280] Unionization has historically been low and continues to decline, as in most of the U.S.[281], Tennessee has a reputation as a low-tax state and is usually ranked as one of the five states with the lowest tax burden on residents. [106] The next summer, Rosecrans's Tullahoma campaign forced Bragg's remaining troops in Middle Tennessee to retreat to Chattanooga with little fighting. [60] The next year, the settlers signed the Cumberland Compact, which established a representative government for the colony called the Cumberland Association. [206] The Nashville Basin has rich, fertile farmland,[207] and porous limestone bedrock very close to the surface underlies both the Nashville Basin and Eastern Highland Rim. Tennessee has the third-highest number of amphibian species, with the Great Smoky Mountains home to the most salamander species in the world. [392] Knoxville was the capital from statehood in 1796 until 1812,[392] except for September 21, 1807, when the legislature met in Kingston for a day. [216] Its major tributaries include the Clinch, Little Tennessee, Hiwassee, Sequatchie, Elk, Beech, Buffalo, Duck, and Big Sandy rivers. Since 1826, Nashville has been the capital of Tennessee. WebTennessee State Government - TN.gov The Tennessee Conservationist Holiday Offer Request Your Free 2022 TN Vacation Guide Find a COVID-19 Vaccine Appointment Hub for Learning and Teaching Fiscal Year 2022-23 Budget The Tennessee Conservationist Holiday Offer Save on Conservationist Magazine Subscriptions! Fog is a persistent problem in some areas, especially in East Tennessee. [247] The Office of Management and Budget designates ten metropolitan areas in Tennessee, four of which extend into neighboring states. Lee's 2nd term inauguration scheduled for Jan. 21. [70] The 13-member territorial House of Representatives first convened in Knoxville on February 24, 1794, to select ten members for the legislature's upper house, the council. Tennessee Governor Bill Lee's second term inauguration is set for Jan. 21, 2023. [113], When the Emancipation Proclamation was announced, Tennessee was largely held by Union forces and thus not among the states enumerated, so it freed no slaves there. [321] Tennessee is the nation's leading producer of ball clay. Tennessee Gov. [352] The 1927 Victor recording sessions in Bristol generally mark the beginning of the country music genre and the rise of the Grand Ole Opry in the 1930s helped make Nashville the center of the country music recording industry. The state's well-known contributions to Southern cuisine include Memphis-style barbecue, Nashville hot chicken, and Tennessee whiskey. [249] Its 13-county metropolitan area has been the state's largest since the early 1990s and is one of the nation's fastest-growing metropolitan areas, with about 2 million residents. [416] Tennessee is one of thirteen states which holds its presidential primaries on Super Tuesday. [61] This settlement later grew into the city of Nashville. Tennessee, constituent state of the United States of America. Chattanooga became one of the first industrial cities in the south in the decades after the Civil War, when many factories, including iron foundries, steel mills, and textile mills were constructed there. [376] Tennessee is currently one of five states with no transportation-related debts. All of these except the Times Free Press are owned by Gannett. In 1788, North Carolina created "Tennessee County", and in 1796, a constitutional convention, organizing the new state out of the Southwest Territory, adopted "Tennessee" as the state's name. Tennessee has diverse terrain and landforms, and from east to west, contains a mix of cultural features characteristic of Appalachia, the Upland South, and the Deep South. [233], Common mammals found throughout Tennessee include white-tailed deer, red and gray foxes, coyotes, raccoons, opossums, wild turkeys, rabbits, and squirrels. [244], Tennessee is divided into 95 counties, each of which has a county seat. [100] In the fall of 1861, Unionist guerrillas in East Tennessee burned bridges and attacked Confederate sympathizers, leading the Confederacy to invoke martial law in parts of the region. Covering an area of 109,247 sq. WebFind information motor vehicle registration in Tennessee. Clockwise from upper left: United States presidential election results for Tennessee, Recent research suggests that the town Pardo recorded was at the confluence of the. Wells, Nikki Giovanni, Shelby Foote, Ann Patchett, Ishmael Reed, and Randall Jarrell. Following Reconstruction, Tennessee continued to have competitive party politics, but in the 1880s, the White-dominated state government passed Jim Crow laws, one of which imposed a poll tax requirement for voter registration. WebTennessee Firearms Classifieds Choose City/Region Chattanooga Clarksville Cookeville Jackson Knoxville Memphis Murfreesboro Nashville Tri-cities Tullahoma Choose a category: All Categories Firearms Antique Firearms Handguns Muzzle Loaders NFA Firearms Rifles Shotguns Firearm Accessories Ammo Gun Parts Gun Map of the United States with Tennessee highlighted Country United States Before statehood Southwest Territory Admitted to the Union June 1, 1796; 226 years ago (June 1, 1796)(16th) Capital (and largest city) Nashville[2] Largest metroand urbanareas Nashville Government Governor Bill Lee(R) Lieutenant Governor Randy McNally(R) Legislature [179] The Tennessee River forms most of the division between Middle and West Tennessee. [382][200] I-40's branch interstates include I-240 in Memphis; I-440 in Nashville; I-840 around Nashville; I-140 from Knoxville to Maryville; and I-640 in Knoxville. 1 thing for teams, and Mississippi State had plenty. TDEC enforces state environmental laws and regulations. [43] Settlers from the Colony of South Carolina built Fort Loudoun on the Little Tennessee River in 1756, the first British settlement in what is now Tennessee and the westernmost British outpost to that date. I-275 is a short spur route in Knoxville. Several annual music festivals take place throughout the state, the largest of which are the Beale Street Music Festival in Memphis, the CMA Music Festival in Nashville, Bonnaroo in Manchester, and Riverbend in Chattanooga. Nearly threefourths of the state is in the Central Time Zone, with most of East Tennessee on Eastern Time. [301] Nissan's assembly plant in Smyrna is the largest automotive assembly plant in North America. [167][168] Tennessee celebrated its bicentennial in 1996 with a yearlong celebration called "Tennessee 200". The central part of the state is marked by cavernous bedrock and irregular rolling hills, and level, fertile plains define West Tennessee. [331] The park anchors a large tourism industry based primarily in nearby Gatlinburg and Pigeon Forge, which includes Dollywood, the most visited ticketed attraction in Tennessee. [308] A number of well-known brands originated in Tennessee, and even more are produced there. [120] Because Tennessee had ratified the Fourteenth Amendment before its readmission to the Union, it was the only former secessionist state that did not have a military governor during Reconstruction. [177], Tennessee's eastern boundary roughly follows the highest crests of the Blue Ridge Mountains, and the Mississippi River forms its western boundary. [40][41] In 1739, the French constructed Fort Assumption under Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne de Bienville on the Mississippi River at the present location of Memphis, which they used as a base against the Chickasaw during the 1739 Campaign of the Chickasaw Wars. [158][159], The 1962 U.S. Supreme Court case Baker v. Carr arose out of a challenge to the longstanding rural bias of apportionment of seats in the Tennessee legislature and established the principle of "one man, one vote". Tennessee Governor Bill Lee's second term inauguration is set for Jan. 21, 2023. [138], Sgt. UT Martin and Tennessee Tech will remain in the OVC, while Peay will move to the ASUN. [175], Tennessee is in the Southeastern United States. Rapid civilizational development occurred during the Mississippian period, when Indigenous peoples developed organized chiefdoms and constructed numerous ceremonial structures throughout the state. WebUseful content regarding Tennessee State Government and Governor Bill Haslam, as well as local government resources and state employee-related information. [454] Tennessee has three minor league soccer teams. Numerous African Americans were elected to local offices, and some to state office. [366] The Tennessee Promise was created as part of then-governor Bill Haslam's "Drive to 55" program, which set a goal of increasing the number of college-educated residents to at least 55% of the state's population. [383][381], Major airports in Tennessee include Nashville International Airport (BNA), Memphis International Airport (MEM), McGhee Tyson Airport (TYS) outside of Knoxville, Chattanooga Metropolitan Airport (CHA), Tri-Cities Regional Airport (TRI) in Blountville, and McKellar-Sipes Regional Airport (MKL) in Jackson. WebThe University of Tennessee is comprised of the statewide Institute of Agriculture and Institute for Public Service Institute of Agriculture The UT Institute of Agriculture delivers real life solutions through $54.5 million in research, educational outreach to 3.3 million people and veterinary services to more than 21,000 animals annually. The case was intentionally publicized,[143] and highlighted the creationism-evolution controversy among religious groups. The capital was previously in three other cities. After lawsuits by environmental groups, the debate was decided by the U.S. Supreme Court case Tennessee Valley Authority v. Hill in 1978, leading to amendments of the Endangered Species Act. [59] These settlers constructed Fort Nashborough, which they named for Francis Nash, a brigadier general of the Continental Army. [89] Cotton also took hold in the Nashville Basin during this time. [127] But most of Tennessee's industrial growth began with the federal investments in the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) and the Manhattan Project in the 1930s and 1940s. [389] BNSF operates a major intermodal facility in Memphis. WebMap of the United States with Tennessee highlighted Country United States Before statehood Southwest Territory Admitted to the Union June 1, 1796; 226 years ago (June 1, 1796)(16th) Capital (and largest city) Nashville[2] Largest metroand urbanareas Nashville Government Governor Bill Lee(R) Lieutenant Governor Randy McNally(R) Legislature [82][83] In 1818, Jackson and Kentucky governor Isaac Shelby reached an agreement with the Chickasaw to sell the land between the Mississippi and Tennessee Rivers to the United States, which included all of West Tennessee and became known as the "Jackson Purchase". [288] Intangible property tax is assessed on the shares of stockholders of any loan, investment, insurance, or for-profit cemetery companies. Memphis 901 FC has played in the second-tier USL Championship since 2019. [90] A strong abolition movement developed in East Tennessee, beginning as early as 1797, and in 1819, Elihu Embree of Jonesborough began publishing the Manumission Intelligencier (later The Emancipator), the nation's first exclusively anti-slavery newspaper. [310][311], Since the 1990s, the geographical area between Oak Ridge and Knoxville has been known as the Tennessee Technology Corridor, with more than 500 high-tech firms in the region. Find information motor vehicle registration in Tennessee. Democratic strength is largely concentrated in Nashville, Memphis, and parts of Knoxville, Chattanooga, and Clarksville. [440] Voters, however, continued to elect moderate Republicans, such as centrists Bill Haslam and Lamar Alexander, until the late 2010s with the rise of Trumpism in the GOP at a nationwide scale. [31] Cherokee peoples in Tennessee were known by European settlers as the Overhill Cherokee because they lived west of the Blue Ridge Mountains. After the disenfranchisement of blacks, the Republican Party became a primarily white sectional party supported mostly in East Tennessee. Archaeological excavations indicate that the lower Tennessee Valley was heavily populated by Ice Age hunter-gatherers, and Middle Tennessee is believed to have been rich with game animals such as mastodons. [198] Numerous tributaries join to form the Tennessee River in the Ridge and Valley region. [94] Tennessee provided more Union troops than any other Confederate state, and the second-highest number of Confederate troops, behind Virginia. [34][35][36] In 1673, English fur trader Abraham Wood sent an expedition from the Colony of Virginia into Overhill Cherokee territory in modern-day northeastern Tennessee. Most of West Tennessee is in the Lower Mississippi River watershed. In 1567, Spanish explorer Captain Juan Pardo and his party encountered a Native American village named "Tanasqui" in the area while traveling inland from modern-day South Carolina; however, it is unknown if this was the same settlement as Tanasi. [219], About half the state's land area is in the Tennessee Valley drainage basin of the Tennessee River. [339] The NPS also operates Big South Fork National River and Recreation Area, Cumberland Gap National Historical Park, Overmountain Victory National Historic Trail, Trail of Tears National Historic Trail, Andrew Johnson National Historic Site, and the Manhattan Project National Historical Park. Bill Lee 's second term inauguration is set for Jan. 21, 2023 the second-tier USL Championship since 2019 from! 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